Author: Gayus Pratama Polunggu
Today some of you not strange with
Computer, Smartphone, and maybe robot. The thing that I already said before is
the example of things that can help to doing your work more easy with
artificial intelligence inside. Artificial intelligence (AI) is the
intelligence exhibited by machines or software, and the branch of computer
science that develops machines and software with intelligence.
It’s no secret that Google has an
interest in artificial intelligence (AI); after all, technologies derived from
AI research help fuel Google’s core search and advertising businesses.
Artificial Intelligence, which commenced publication in 1970, is now the
generally accepted premier international forum for the publication of results
of current research in this field. AI research was revived by the commercial
success of expert systems, a form of AI program that simulated the knowledge
and analytical skills of one or more human experts. By this developing of AI,
human can work base on the foundations of the field of artificial intelligence.
There no something perfect in this
world, it’s the word that I can say for AI technology. AI or Intelligent
Machines make more change and useful for our daily life but there no something
without negative comment from civil, Andor said in http://channel9.msdn.com "There are
big limitations on what a computer can do in any case - it's not just a case of
-we'll write better software and make faster computers and it'll all be OK-". The intelligent from machine is taken from human, because human make
machine and teach it become smart for our benefits. Because of that many
mistake can happen during working that cause by human error.
Therefore, you may take the effect
of using AI technology, you also get the positive effect beside "make your
life more easily" such as deduction, reasoning, and problem solving. Early
AI researchers developed algorithms that imitated the step-by-step reasoning
that humans use when they solve puzzles or make logical deductions. By the late
1980s and 1990s, AI research had also developed highly successful methods for
dealing with uncertain or incomplete information, employing concepts from
probability and economics. For difficult problems, most of these algorithms can
require enormous computational resources – most experience a
"combinatorial explosion". The search for more efficient problem-solving algorithms
is a high priority for AI research.
Dependence is hard to remove from
our self. From dependence to unproductive and make you tired doing something. A
new study links after-hours smartphone work to poor productivity the next
day, reports the
WSJ’s Melissa Korn: “The researchers found that work-related
smartphone use in the evening was associated with fewer hours of sleep. The
subjects who recorded shorter nights also reported depleted reserves of
self-control, and those who felt morning exhaustion also indicated they were
less engaged during the day, a domino effect that shows how an unending workday
ultimately leads to poorer work”. AI technology make all easy as long as you
can take the positive side and it will be dangerous when you use it under
control to spend your time with it.
The social problem above just image
of the negative side and the positive side by using AI technology. In third
paragraph I tell you why the mistake happen when the machine work. You can find
the mistake happen because human error on there. Machine learning is the study
of computer algorithms that improve automatically through experience and has
been central to AI research since the field's inception. Unsupervised learning is the ability to
find patterns in a stream of input. Supervised learning includes both classification and numerical regression. Classification is used to determine
what category something belongs in, after seeing a number of examples of things
from several categories. Regression is the attempt to produce a function that
describes the relationship between inputs and outputs and predicts how the
outputs should change as the inputs change. In reinforcement learning the agent is
rewarded for good responses and punished for bad ones. These can be analyzed in
terms of decision theory, using concepts like utility. The mathematical analysis of machine
learning algorithms and their performance is a branch of theoretical computer science known as computational learning theory. Within developmental robotics, developmental
learning approaches were elaborated for lifelong cumulative acquisition of
repertoires of novel skills by a robot, through autonomous self-exploration and
social interaction with human teachers, and using guidance mechanisms such as
active learning, maturation, motor synergies, and imitation. Human and machine
is link by one context, that if one doing mistake and the other will take the
effect from it as continuance.
Every technology is create because
any reason. For example TV is made to inform and entertain people with every
program. AI technology made for machine so it can learn from its environment
such as natural language processing, social intelligence, motion and
manipulation (physical contact with an object).
Natural language processing gives machines
the ability to read and understand the languages
that humans speak. A sufficiently powerful natural language processing system
would enable natural language user interfaces
and the acquisition of knowledge directly from human-written sources, such as
Internet texts. Some straightforward applications of natural language
processing include information retrieval (or text mining)
and machine translation. Affective computing is the
study and development of systems and devices that can recognize, interpret,
process, and simulate human affects. It is an interdisciplinary field
spanning computer sciences, psychology,
and cognitive science. While the origins of the
field may be traced as far back as to early philosophical inquiries into emotion, the more modern branch of computer science originated
with Rosalind Picard's 1995 paper on affective
computing. A motivation for the research is the ability to simulate empathy.
The machine should interpret the emotional state of humans and adapt its
behavior to them, giving an appropriate response for those emotions. Emotion
and social skills play two roles for an intelligent agent. First, it must be
able to predict the actions of others, by understanding their motives and
emotional states. (This involves elements of game theory,
decision
theory, as well as the ability to model human emotions and the
perceptual skills to detect emotions.) Also, in an effort to facilitate human-computer interaction, an intelligent
machine might want to be able to display emotions—even if it does not
actually experience them itself—in order to appear sensitive to the emotional
dynamics of human interaction. The field of robotics is closely related to AI.
Intelligence is required for robots to be able to handle such tasks as object
manipulation and navigation, with sub-problems of localization (knowing where you are, or finding
out where other things are), mapping
(learning what is around you, building a map of the environment), and motion
planning (figuring out how to get there) or path planning (going
from one point in space to another point, which may involve compliant motion -
where the robot moves while maintaining physical contact with an object).
Artificial intelligence techniques
are pervasive and are too numerous to list. Frequently, when a technique
reaches mainstream use, it is no longer considered artificial intelligence;
this phenomenon is described as the AI effect.
In conclusion, Artificial
intelligence, by claiming to be able to recreate the capabilities of the human mind, is both a challenge
and an inspiration for philosophy. Are there limits to how intelligent machines
can be? Is there an essential difference between human intelligence and
artificial intelligence? Can a machine have a mind and consciousness?
The question can answer with the quotes by Turing’s polite convention “We need not decide if a machine can
"think"; we need only decide if a machine can act as intelligently as
a human being”.
